症例 challenge · Imaging / Fetal medicine / ENT · teaching
Congenital High Airway Obstruction (CHAOS) · case challenge
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← View the full flowchartBased on Fetal airway MRI
Case #1Imaging / Fetal medicine / ENT
📋 Case data
- Typical signs + hydrops + associated/geneticWith hydrops or associated anomalies (Fraser/VACTERL/TACRD)
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Step 1 / 1 · Typical signs + hydrops + associated/genetic
Typical signs + hydrops + associated/genetic?
💡 CHAOS = complete/near-complete upper airway obstruction (laryngeal atresia most common, tracheal atresia/stenosis). Mechanism: lung fluid cannot drain → enlarged lungs compress the heart → reduced venous return → ascites/hydrops. Typical (US + fetal MRI): bilateral enlarged echogenic lungs, fluid-filled dilated tracheobronchial tree (abrupt cutoff at the obstruction), inverted diaphragm, small compressed central heart, ascites/hydrops, polyhydramnios. Differentiate bilateral CPAM.
For teaching. Decisions and their basis are taken from this site's reviewed care pathways; for licensed clinicians/trainees, this does not replace clinical judgment or local protocols.