🦵 IMPROVE VTE Risk Score
Assess VTE risk in hospitalised medical patients with the IMPROVE model.
Clinical takeaway
Score 0–1 identifies low VTE risk (prophylaxis may be withheld).
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When to use
Decide on thromboprophylaxis in medical inpatients.
How it works
Weighted items: prior VTE 3, thrombophilia 2, lower-limb paralysis 2, cancer 2, immobilised ≥ 7 days 1, ICU/CCU 1, age > 60 1.
Key points
- Score 0–1 identifies low VTE risk (prophylaxis may be withheld).
- ≥ 2–3 supports pharmacologic prophylaxis.
- Pair with the IMPROVE bleeding risk score.
References
Decision support for licensed clinicians only; not a substitute for clinical judgement, diagnosis or local protocols.
Worked calculation
The values below come from this tool's own example placeholders and are computed server-side with the formula shown on this page, so the arithmetic can be checked quickly. It demonstrates how to substitute values only — it is not clinical advice and not a real case.
| Previous VTE | No |
|---|---|
| Known thrombophilia | No |
| Lower-limb paralysis | No |
| Current cancer | No |
| Immobilised ≥ 7 days | No |
| ICU/CCU stay | No |
| Age > 60 | No |
→IMPROVE VTE0
- Risk：Low VTE risk (~0.4–0.7%)
- Note：Score ≥ 2–3 supports pharmacologic prophylaxis if bleeding risk is acceptable; pair with the IMPROVE bleeding score.
| Previous VTE | Yes (+3) |
|---|---|
| Known thrombophilia | Yes (+2) |
| Lower-limb paralysis | Yes (+2) |
| Current cancer | Yes (+2) |
| Immobilised ≥ 7 days | Yes (+1) |
| ICU/CCU stay | Yes (+1) |
| Age > 60 | Yes (+1) |
→IMPROVE VTE12
- Risk：High VTE risk
- Note：Score ≥ 2–3 supports pharmacologic prophylaxis if bleeding risk is acceptable; pair with the IMPROVE bleeding score.
Frequently asked questions
- What is IMPROVE VTE Risk Score?
- Assess VTE risk in hospitalised medical patients with the IMPROVE model.
- How is IMPROVE VTE Risk Score calculated? What is the core formula?
- Weighted items: prior VTE 3, thrombophilia 2, lower-limb paralysis 2, cancer 2, immobilised ≥ 7 days 1, ICU/CCU 1, age > 60 1.
- When is IMPROVE VTE Risk Score used?
- Decide on thromboprophylaxis in medical inpatients.
- What are the key clinical points for IMPROVE VTE Risk Score?
- Score 0–1 identifies low VTE risk (prophylaxis may be withheld). ≥ 2–3 supports pharmacologic prophylaxis. Pair with the IMPROVE bleeding risk score.
- What are the limits and cautions when using IMPROVE VTE Risk Score?
- For licensed clinicians and clinical researchers. Interpret results with history, investigations and local protocols; not a diagnosis or prescription, and not a substitute for multidisciplinary decision-making or local guidelines.
- How is IMPROVE VTE Risk Score calculated in practice? Can you show a worked example?
- Inputs: Previous VTE No, Known thrombophilia No, Lower-limb paralysis No, Current cancer No, Immobilised ≥ 7 days No, ICU/CCU stay No, Age > 60 No → Result: IMPROVE VTE 0（Risk: Low VTE risk (~0.4–0.7%), Note: Score ≥ 2–3 supports pharmacologic prophylaxis if bleeding risk is acceptable; pair with the IMPROVE bleeding score.） Inputs: Previous VTE Yes (+3), Known thrombophilia Yes (+2), Lower-limb paralysis Yes (+2), Current cancer Yes (+2), Immobilised ≥ 7 days Yes (+1), ICU/CCU stay Yes (+1), Age > 60 Yes (+1) → Result: IMPROVE VTE 12（Risk: High VTE risk, Note: Score ≥ 2–3 supports pharmacologic prophylaxis if bleeding risk is acceptable; pair with the IMPROVE bleeding score.）